Nature’s laws of physics are difficult to replicate through an arrangement of binary computer switches, no matter how many of the switches we have access to.

Or as Richard Feynman, the physicist regarded as one of quantum computing’s early visionaries, once put it: “Nature is not classical, damnit, and if you want to make a simulation of nature, you had better make it quantum mechanical.”

Scientists have long grappled with how to efficiently predict molecular reactions. Chemists today often use mass spectrometry – an analytical tool that helps measure the mass and charge of ion molecules – in combination with computational methods but the process can…