Last month, Enerkem amended its regulatory filing and said it would sell 7.25 million shares at between $17 and $19 each.

Last month, Luca set the upper limit of its flotation range at $110.5m.

Rib-X had been expected to raise up to $80m with a market capitalisation of $212m.

Biopharmaceutical company Clovis Oncology, backed by Pfizer, sells the shares following its initial public offering in November last year.

DBV Technologies, a France-based allergy treatment company, which was the first deal done by Shire Therapeutics' corporate venturing unit, also secures its first portfolio company flotation in Paris.

The drug development company backed by Ucyclyd, part of Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation, is looking to raise the funds as it seeks Food and Drug Administration approval for its main product.

Marc Samwer, who headed Groupon's international operations and owns part of the company along with his brother Oliver, leaves during a torrid month for the company.

John Woolard, Alstom-backed Brightsource's chief executive, says: "The continued market and economic volatility are not optimal conditions for an IPO."

Envivio, a video delivery system spin-off which postponed its float last year, sets the range of the initial public offering.

Biopharmaceutical company Merrimack, backed by Fidelity, raises $100m on Nasdaq.