The US-based insulation materials maker, backed by BASF, withdrew its application for a previous initial public offering in 2012.

Novo invested an additional $4.5m as Alder raised a sum well below the $115m initially targeted.

The pharmaceutical company, backed by Johnson & Johnson, has gone public, but at a price well below its range.

The e-commerce company has set an initial target of $1bn, which is likely to rise, providing a lucrative exit for Yahoo.

The financial data provider, valued at about $5bn last year, will raise up to $750m, with the proceeds to go to its shareholders.

The Novo-backed protein testing system developer has not decided on how it will invest the proceeds from the initial public offering.

The GSK-backed fungal infection drug developer has raised the maximum again from the $55m initially targeted from an IPO in which Sanofi will become its largest shareholder.

E-commerce company Alibaba has increased its stake in the microblogging platform to 32% through an initial public offering that now appears underpriced.

Mainstay Medical is set to raise up to $36.4m from its initial public offering, with existing shareholder Medtronic to take some of the stock.

Eli Lilly-backed cancer drug developer Cerulean Pharma priced its initial public offering at $7.00, considerably below the range originally set.