The US-based insulation materials maker, backed by BASF, withdrew its application for a previous initial public offering in 2012.

Novo invested an additional $4.5m as Alder raised a sum well below the $115m initially targeted.

The pharmaceutical company, backed by Johnson & Johnson, has gone public, but at a price well below its range.

The e-commerce company has set an initial target of $1bn, which is likely to rise, providing a lucrative exit for Yahoo.

The financial data provider, valued at about $5bn last year, will raise up to $750m, with the proceeds to go to its shareholders.

The Novo-backed protein testing system developer has not decided on how it will invest the proceeds from the initial public offering.

The GSK-backed fungal infection drug developer has raised the maximum again from the $55m initially targeted from an IPO in which Sanofi will become its largest shareholder.

The company, which develops treatments for cancer and infectious diseases, has set the range for its initial public offering two years after it was suspended.

E-commerce company Alibaba has increased its stake in the microblogging platform to 32% through an initial public offering that now appears underpriced.

Mainstay Medical is set to raise up to $36.4m from its initial public offering, with existing shareholder Medtronic to take some of the stock.