With 256 large corporations in Brazil, a million students graduating each year and increasing government support for entrepreneurs and investors, the world’s seventh-largest economy should already be one of the most vibrant in terms of its innovation capital ecosystem. But “should” rarely translates into action unless the constituents in the ecosystem want to be part of it.

Brazil’s corporations have traditionally had little desire to engage or invest in startups, and so its economy has struggled to add one of the most important elements of the…